pszicholingvisticai

Pszicholingvisticai, commonly referred to in English as psycholinguistics, is the study of the mental processes underlying the acquisition, comprehension, production and representation of language. It seeks to understand how people perceive and produce language, how words and structures are stored and retrieved, and how language abilities develop and change over the lifespan. The field integrates theories and methods from linguistics, psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and computer science.

Core topics include language perception and processing (speech perception, lexical access, parsing, syntactic and semantic representations), language production (conceptualization, formulation, articulation), language acquisition (first and second language development), bilingualism and code-switching, reading and written language, and language disorders such as aphasia and dyslexia. Researchers use behavioral experiments (reaction times, priming tasks, eye-tracking), corpus studies, computational modeling, and neuroimaging and electrophysiology (ERP/EEG, fMRI) to examine representations and processing dynamics.

Historical development and significance: psycholinguistics emerged in the mid-20th century during the cognitive revolution and has shaped our understanding of how language relates to mind and brain. It informs education, speech-language pathology, and language technologies, including natural language processing and assistive communication devices. Ongoing work includes cross-linguistic and sign-language psycholinguistics, development of multilingual models, and investigations into how context and social factors influence processing.