préfabrication

Préfabrication, often shortened to prefab, is a construction method where components or entire modules of a building are manufactured off-site in a factory setting. These components are then transported to the construction site and assembled. This process contrasts with traditional on-site construction where all materials are brought to the location and assembled from scratch.

The origins of préfabrication can be traced back to the Industrial Revolution, with early examples seen in the mass production of housing in the 19th century. Modern préfabrication encompasses a wide range of building elements, from individual wall panels and bathroom pods to complete modular units.

Key advantages of préfabrication include increased speed of construction, improved quality control due to factory conditions, reduced waste, and potentially lower costs. The controlled factory environment allows for precise manufacturing and better weather protection during production. However, challenges can include transportation logistics for larger modules, design limitations imposed by factory processes, and the need for specialized handling equipment on-site.

Préfabrication is utilized across various sectors, including residential, commercial, and industrial construction. It is particularly popular for projects requiring rapid deployment or a high degree of standardization. The technology continues to evolve, with advancements in materials and manufacturing techniques enhancing the possibilities and appeal of this construction approach.