protrombiini
Prothrombin, also known as coagulation factor II, is a vitamin K–dependent glycoprotein produced primarily by the liver and circulating in blood plasma as an inactive zymogen. It is part of the coagulation cascade’s common pathway and is converted into thrombin (factor IIa) by the prothrombinase complex, which consists of activated factor X (Xa), factor Va, calcium ions, and phospholipid surfaces.
Activation and function: The activation of prothrombin to thrombin is a key amplification step in hemostasis.
Regulation and clinical relevance: The gamma-carboxylation of prothrombin requires vitamin K. Anticoagulants such as warfarin inhibit
Genetics and testing: The F2 gene encodes prothrombin. A common inherited mutation, G20210A in the 3' noncoding