prokaryotických

Prokaryotických refers to prokaryotes, which are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. This fundamental characteristic distinguishes them from eukaryotic organisms. The genetic material of prokaryotes, typically a single circular chromosome, is located in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid. Ribosomes, the sites of protein synthesis, are present in prokaryotic cells but are smaller than those found in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are generally much smaller than eukaryotic cells, with sizes typically ranging from 0.1 to 5 micrometers in diameter. They reproduce asexually, most commonly through binary fission, a process where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells. The two major domains of prokaryotes are Bacteria and Archaea. Bacteria are found in virtually every environment on Earth and play crucial roles in ecosystems, including nutrient cycling and decomposition. Archaea, though often found in extreme environments like hot springs or deep-sea vents, are also present in more common habitats and have unique biochemical properties. Despite their structural simplicity, prokaryotes exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, capable of utilizing a wide range of energy and carbon sources.