prokázána

Prokázána is a feminine singular past passive participle of the Czech verb prokázat, meaning “proved” or “demonstrated.” It is used to describe a feminine noun that has undergone the action of proving, and it agrees with the subject in gender and number in past-tense constructions with the auxiliary být.

Morphology and usage: As a past passive participle, prokázána appears in formal or written Czech to indicate that evidence or argument has established a claim. The form is commonly encountered with feminine singular subjects, such as skutečnost (fact) or domněnka (assumption). For masculine or neuter subjects, other gendered forms are used (e.g., prokázáný, prokázané). In compound tenses, the participle can function as part of a predicate: Skutečnost byla prokázána; Domněnka byla prokázána.

Contexts and register: Prokázána is prevalent in scientific, legal, and journalistic prose, where findings, hypotheses, or assertions are described as having been demonstrated by evidence or analysis. It also appears in official statements and reports to convey a confirmed conclusion.

Notes on nuance: The word emphasizes that proof or demonstration has been achieved, rather than merely suggested. Its usage typically reflects a formal tone and a commitment to stated evidence or methodology.

Etymology: The form derives from the verb prokázat, with the prefix pro- adding a sense of completion or thorough demonstration to the root kázat (to show/prove in this context).