proche

Proche is a word in the French language that functions as both an adjective and a noun. As an adjective, proche denotes proximity or closeness, whether in physical distance, time, or relational connection. It can describe people, places or things that are near, as in a nearby town (une ville proche) or a friend who is emotionally close. The feminine singular form is proche as well, and the plural is proches for both genders. In sentences, it is commonly used with the preposition de to express closeness in relation to something, for example, proche de chez moi (near my home), or in the synonymy with à proximité.

As a noun, proche refers to a person who is close to someone, typically a family member or a trusted confidant. The usual plural form is proches, as in mes proches, meaning my relatives and close friends. This noun usage is common in everyday speech, media, and legal or formal contexts when referring to someone within one’s close circle.

Etymology and related forms: proche derives from Old French proche, which itself comes from Latin proximus, meaning nearest. A related adjective with a different sense is prochain, which means next in sequence or upcoming, rather than near in space or relationship.

Other notes: In encyclopedic usage, proche is contrasted with proche-oriental terms such as Proche-Orient (the Near East), a geographic and political designation. The word is distinct from proche as a spatial term and from other adjectives that imply distance, precision, or temporality.

See also: Proche-Orient; prochain; proximité.