privacybydesignpraktijken

Privacy by design (PbD) is a framework for integrating privacy into the design, development, deployment, and governance of information systems, technologies, and business processes. It aims to anticipate privacy risks and minimize personal data exposure throughout a product’s life cycle and across its use.

Origins and principles: The approach was developed by privacy advocate Ann Cavoukian in the 1990s while she led the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario. PbD is built on seven foundational principles: proactive not reactive; privacy as the default; privacy embedded into design; full functionality—positive-sum, not zero-sum; end-to-end security and data protection; visibility and transparency; and respect for user privacy throughout the life cycle.

Applications and impact: PbD has influenced software engineering practices, privacy impact assessments, and regulatory compliance. It complements data protection impact assessments (DPIAs) in the EU and informs privacy-by-default requirements in various data protection frameworks. Many organizations adopt PbD within secure development lifecycles and privacy risk management programs to reduce privacy risks from the outset.

Limitations and reception: While widely cited, PbD is not a universal solution. Effective implementation requires organizational commitment, resources, and ongoing governance. Some critics argue that it can be applied superficially or variably interpreted across jurisdictions and industries, potentially diminishing its intended privacy benefits if not carefully managed.