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Precarity is a concept that describes a state of uncertainty and insecurity in one's life, often characterized by lack of job security, unstable income, and limited access to resources. It is a broader term that encompasses various forms of marginalization and vulnerability, including precarious employment, informal work, and the gig economy. Precarious workers often face irregular working hours, lack of benefits, and limited job protection, which can lead to financial instability and social exclusion.

The term "precarity" was first introduced by sociologist Arlie Hochschild in the 1980s to describe the growing number of people in the United States who were employed in temporary, part-time, or contract work. Since then, the concept has been expanded to include other forms of insecurity, such as the lack of access to healthcare, education, and housing. Precarious conditions can be found in various sectors, including manufacturing, retail, hospitality, and services, and are often exacerbated by economic downturns and globalized labor markets.

Precarity can have significant impacts on individuals and societies. It can lead to increased stress, mental health issues, and reduced life satisfaction. It can also contribute to social inequality, as precarious workers may have less access to social services and opportunities for upward mobility. Addressing precarity requires a multifaceted approach, including policy reforms, social protection measures, and support for vulnerable workers.