pracujaca

Pracujaca (Polish: pracująca) is the feminine present active participle of the verb pracować, meaning “to work.” In Polish, it functions as an adjective and, in certain contexts, as part of a noun phrase describing a person who is currently working or employed. The form indicates ongoing action or a general attribute of work and agrees with feminine nouns, for example, pracująca kobieta meaning “a working woman.”

Forms and grammar: The present active participle in Polish has three gendered bases: masculine pracujący, feminine pracująca, neuter pracujące. In feminine singular, it declines by case as follows: nominative pracująca; genitive pracującej; dative pracującej; accusative pracującą; instrumental pracującą; locative pracującej. The ASCII-only variant without diacritics is pracujaca, which appears in older texts or in digital contexts without proper Polish characters.

Usage: As an adjective, pracująca modifies nouns to describe someone who works or is employed, e.g., pracująca matka (“a working mother”) or pracująca osoba (“a working person”). It can also form phrases describing state or activity, such as pracująca nad projektem (“working on the project”). In Polish, the standard idiomatic way to refer to a worker is with concrete nouns like pracownik (male) or pracownica (female); pracująca is typically part of a larger phrase rather than a standalone noun.

Notes: The term is distinct from related nouns such as praca (work) or klasa pracująca (the working class), where the conventional ordering is often noun-adjective (klasa pracująca) rather than the bare adjective by itself. The word is common in descriptive writing, journalism, and linguistic descriptions of Polish participles.

See also: pracować, pracownik, pracownica, praca, klasa pracująca.