polyvinyylikloridit

Polyvinyylikloridit, commonly known as PVC, are a group of synthetic plastic polymers derived from the vinyl chloride monomer. PVC is one of the world's most widely produced synthetic plastic polymers, ranking third in production volume after polyethylene and polypropylene. Its versatility stems from its ability to be softened under heat and then molded into various shapes.

PVC can be produced through two main processes: suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization. The resulting polymer can be processed into rigid or flexible products. Rigid PVC is often used in construction materials like pipes, window frames, and siding due to its durability and resistance to corrosion and weathering. Flexible PVC, on the other hand, incorporates plasticizers to make it softer and more pliable, finding applications in electrical cable insulation, medical devices like blood bags and tubing, and flooring.

The properties of PVC can be significantly altered by the addition of various additives. Plasticizers, as mentioned, enhance flexibility. Stabilizers are added to prevent degradation from heat and UV light, while fillers can reduce cost and improve impact strength. Pigments are used to give PVC its desired color.

While PVC is a durable and cost-effective material, its production and disposal raise environmental concerns. The manufacturing process can release hazardous chemicals, and the presence of chlorine means that incineration can produce dioxins. Recycling efforts are in place, but challenges remain in sorting and reprocessing the diverse range of PVC products.