polysystem

A polysystem is a theoretical framework in literary and cultural studies, developed by the Israeli scholar Itamar Even-Zohar. It views literature and culture not as monolithic entities, but as complex systems composed of various subsystems. These subsystems, such as poetry, drama, and prose, or different genres within these categories, interact and compete with each other. The polysystem theory posits that these subsystems are not equal in their prestige or influence. Some subsystems are dominant, shaping the overall cultural landscape, while others are secondary, often borrowing from or being influenced by the dominant ones.

The concept of the polysystem emphasizes the dynamic nature of culture. New works and genres can emerge and gain prominence, shifting the balance of power within the system. Translation is considered a particularly important activity within the polysystem, as translated literature often plays a significant role in introducing new models and influencing the development of the target culture's literature. The polysystem theory helps scholars understand how cultural products are produced, circulated, and consumed, and how they contribute to the evolution of cultural norms and identities. It offers a way to analyze cultural phenomena in their broader systemic context, rather than in isolation.