pollentermelés

Pollentermelés, which translates to pollen production, is a crucial biological process in flowering plants. It refers to the formation and release of pollen grains, which are the male gametophytes responsible for fertilization. This process is essential for sexual reproduction in angiosperms.

The development of pollen begins within the anthers, the pollen-producing part of a flower's stamen. Within the anther's microsporangia, diploid cells called microsporocytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid microspores. Each microspore then divides mitotically to form a two-celled pollen grain, typically consisting of a tube cell and a generative cell. The generative cell may further divide to produce two sperm cells.

Once mature, pollen grains are released from the anther, a process known as dehiscence. This release is often facilitated by environmental cues such as wind, humidity, or temperature. The dispersed pollen grains are then transported by various agents, including wind (anemophily), insects (entomophily), birds, or other animals, to the stigma of another flower or the same flower. This transfer is called pollination. Upon landing on a compatible stigma, the pollen grain germinates, forming a pollen tube that grows down to the ovule, delivering the sperm cells for fertilization. The quantity and dispersal mechanisms of pollen are highly adapted to the specific plant species and its pollination strategy.