poliizoprenu

Polyisoprene is a polymer formed from isoprene monomers. It is a type of elastomer, meaning it has elastic properties. Natural rubber is a form of polyisoprene, specifically cis-1,4-polyisoprene, which is produced by rubber trees. Synthetic polyisoprenes can also be manufactured, offering variations in their properties.

The structure of polyisoprene consists of repeating isoprene units. The arrangement of these units, particularly the stereochemistry (cis or trans configuration) and the position of the double bond (e.g., 1,4-addition), significantly influences the polymer's characteristics. Cis-1,4-polyisoprene is the most common form found in nature and is known for its high elasticity and resilience. Trans-1,4-polyisoprene, on the other hand, is less elastic and is found in gutta-percha and balata.

Polyisoprene, particularly natural rubber, has a wide range of applications due to its flexibility, tensile strength, and ability to return to its original shape after stretching. These include tires, gloves, footwear, adhesives, and various industrial components. Synthetic polyisoprenes are often used when specific properties not easily achieved with natural rubber are required, or for applications where consistency and purity are paramount. The processing of polyisoprene typically involves vulcanization, a process that improves its strength and durability by forming cross-links between polymer chains.