planwaarde

Planwaarde is a planning and property term that denotes the change in a parcel's market value that results from a formal change in land use or zoning under a spatial plan. It reflects the economic benefit an owner gains when planning permission or a regulatory amendment increases the potential for development, such as allowing residential, commercial, or higher-density uses.

Assessment of planwaarde combines legal entitlement under the plan with market conditions. Appraisers estimate the value difference by comparing current use value to the value achievable under the new plan, taking into account development costs, required investments, obligations (infrastructure, environmental measures), and market demand. Common valuation approaches include comparable sales and residual land value calculations.

Planwaarde has legal and policy implications. It can form the basis for compensation claims when plans reduce property value (planschade) or, conversely, be subject to capture if public authorities seek to recover part of the uplift through contributions, levies, or land readjustment mechanisms. Different jurisdictions adopt varied instruments to balance private gains and public interests, including expropriation, development agreements, and value-sharing arrangements.

Stakeholders involved include landowners, developers, municipalities, and courts or valuation tribunals. Debates around planwaarde often focus on fairness, efficient land use, incentives for development, and how to allocate economic benefits generated by public planning decisions.