perusterveyden

Perusterveyden, commonly referred to as perusterveydenhuolto, is the first level of the Finnish health system and covers primary health care. It is designed to provide accessible, continuous, and comprehensive care for individuals and families, handling routine medical needs, preventive services, and the coordination of more specialized care when required.

The scope of perusterveydenhuolto includes general medical practice and nursing, maternity and child health services, vaccinations and preventive screenings, mental health support, rehabilitation (such as physiotherapy and occupational therapy), and home- and community-based care. It is organized to offer ongoing care across the life course, with an emphasis on continuity, accessibility, and local proximity.

Organization and access are primarily at the municipal level, often through health centers or joint municipal authorities. Public funding covers most services, and local fees are typically modest, with subsidies provided by Kela for many residents. Patients usually begin at a local health center, where they receive triage and treatment; referrals to specialized or hospital care are common when needed, maintaining a gatekeeping role for primary care providers. Private providers also deliver perusterveydenhuolto services under public funding arrangements, contributing to capacity and choice.

Challenges and adaptations continue as Finland seeks to strengthen availability, reduce waiting times, and expand digital and remote health options. Perusterveydenhuolto remains central to public health, aiming to reduce health inequities and manage chronic conditions through proactive, coordinated care at the community level.