pertentangan

Pertentangan is an Indonesian noun meaning opposition, conflict, or contradiction between ideas, statements, persons, or groups. It covers both internal conditions, such as logical inconsistency, and external conditions, such as disputes in social, political, or legal contexts. The term is used across disciplines, including philosophy, linguistics, law, and political science.

In logic and linguistics, pertentangan denotes a contradiction between propositions or statements, where a proposition and its negation cannot be true simultaneously. It also describes semantic tensions or incompatible meanings within a discourse. In broader usage, it can refer to inconsistencies within an argument or between claimed facts.

In social and political contexts, pertentangan refers to conflicts arising from competing interests, interpretations, or values. It can appear as disputes between individuals, organizations, communities, or governments, and may influence policy development, governance, or public discourse. Pertentangan can be constructive, prompting clarification and debate, or destructive, leading to stalemate or escalation.

In law and administration, pertentangan denotes conflicts of rights, duties, or regulations that require resolution. Mechanisms such as negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and judicial decision are used to address pertentangan and restore coherence among competing claims and legal rules.

Etymology: the term is formed with the prefix per- and the suffix -an, yielding a noun that denotes the state or act of opposing. It is common in formal Indonesian to describe disputes, contradictions, or conflicts.