peroxynitrit

Peroxynitrite is a reactive nitrogen species formed by the reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with superoxide (O2−), resulting in the formation of peroxynitrite anion (ONOO−). It is a potent oxidant and nitrating agent, playing significant roles in various biological and pathological processes. Peroxynitrite is produced in cells under conditions of oxidative stress, such as inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. It can react with various biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to oxidative damage and nitration. Peroxynitrite has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cancer. Its formation and effects are regulated by various enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide synthase, and catalase. The study of peroxynitrite and its role in health and disease is an active area of research in biochemistry, pharmacology, and medicine.