perizie

Perizie are expert assessments or reports prepared by qualified professionals to ascertain facts, evaluate conditions, or provide technical input in civil, penal, administrative, or private matters. They are produced by a perito (expert) who has specialized competences in a given field and are intended to supply objective, technical information beyond common knowledge.

A perizia can be ordered in different ways. It may be commissioned by a court (perizia d'ufficio) or requested by one of the parties involved in a dispute (perizia di parte). In a judicial context, the court may appoint a consulente tecnico d'ufficio (CTU) or leave room for a consulente tecnico di parte (CTP), depending on the case and the procedure. The result is a relazione peritale, a written report that records the scope, methods, data examined, findings, and conclusions. The report may be accompanied by appendices, diagrams, or photographs and is designed to be verifiable and reproducible.

Types of perizie vary by field, including tecnica (engineering, construction, environmental), contabile (financial auditing and accounting), medico-legale (forensic medicine), psichiatrica or psicologica (psychiatric or psychological assessment), catastale (property valuation), and agraria (agriculture and land use). The perito must be impartial and rely on established methodologies; bias or irregularities can undermine the report’s credibility.

The perizia has evidentiary weight in legal proceedings but is subject to the adversarial process. Parties may challenge the methodology or conclusions, request clarification, or appoint alternate experts. Depending on the jurisdiction, the court may appoint further assessments to resolve unresolved questions.