pericentromerischen

Pericentromeric regions are chromosomal domains located adjacent to the centromere. These regions are characterized by the presence of repetitive DNA sequences, often in the form of satellite DNA. The pericentromeric heterochromatin plays a crucial role in chromosome structure and function, contributing to centromere identity and sister chromatid cohesion. This region is also known for its condensed chromatin structure, which makes it less accessible to transcription machinery. During cell division, the pericentromeric heterochromatin is important for the formation of the kinetochore, the protein complex that attaches to spindle microtubules. Alterations in pericentromeric structure and epigenetic modifications within these regions are associated with various genetic disorders and cancer. The repetitive nature of pericentromeric DNA can also lead to recombination events, contributing to chromosomal instability. Despite their repetitive and condensed nature, pericentromeric regions are dynamic and undergo epigenetic reprogramming during development and in response to cellular signals.