pergolakan

Pergolakan is an Indonesian term referring to an upheaval, uprising, or rebellion against existing authority or social order. It encompasses organized actions by groups or factions that seek political change, territorial alteration, social reforms, or anti-colonial resistance. The word is commonly used in Indonesian historical and political discourse to describe events that disrupt the normal order, ranging from local protests to national revolts, and may be violent or nonviolent.

In usage, pergolakan can describe various forms of upheaval, including political revolts, armed uprisings, social movements, or strikes that escalate into confrontations with authorities. It is not restricted to a specific ideology or period and is applicable across different eras, including colonial, post-colonial, and contemporary contexts.

Causes of pergolakan often include perceived injustice, grievances over governance, economic hardship, ethnic or religious tensions, suppression of political rights, or resistance to domination by a central authority. Dynamics can involve mobilization of local communities, leadership by charismatic or clandestine figures, and responses by state security or institutions. Outcomes vary widely from negotiated settlements and reforms to suppression and punitive measures, with long-term effects on policy, governance, and collective memory.

See also:

- Rebellion

- Insurrection

- Revolt

- Uprising

- Civil unrest

- Political protest