peptideassembled
Peptideassembled refers to materials and structures formed through the self-assembly of peptides into higher-order, supramolecular architectures. In this context, peptide assembly is driven by noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attractions, hydrophobic effects, aromatic stacking, and, in some cases, metal coordination. The resulting assemblies include nanofibers, nanotubes, hydrogels, vesicles, and composite materials that can function as scaffolds, carriers, or functional surfaces.
Design principles: Short peptides, usually 5–20 amino acids, are chosen to bias secondary structure and assembly.
Common platforms and forms include peptide hydrogels formed by a network of self-assembled fibers, nanofibers for
Applications span tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, controlled drug delivery, wound healing, vaccines and immunotherapies, biosensing,
Characterization and properties: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and
Challenges include achieving reproducible assembly under physiological conditions, controlling kinetics, ensuring stability and biocompatibility, manufacturing at