pengecer

Pengecer is a term used in Indonesian and Malay to describe a person or business that sells goods directly to end consumers, typically in small quantities, rather than for resale. A pengecer acts as an intermediary between producers or wholesalers and consumers, encompassing a range of businesses from small shops to large retail networks.

Pengecer purchase goods from manufacturers or wholesalers in relatively small lots and set retail prices to cover operating costs and earn profit. Their activities include inventory management, price setting, customer service, promotions, and sometimes offering credit or delivery services.

Forms of pengecer vary widely, including physical stores such as warung, toko kelontong, mini markets, supermarkets, and hipermarkets, as well as online retailers that sell through digital platforms. Many pengecer operate through multi-channel models that combine brick-and-mortar presence with online sales.

Economically, pengecer play a crucial role in delivering goods from producers to consumers, providing access, creating employment, and supporting local market dynamics. They also face challenges from competition with large retail networks and e-commerce platforms, supply chain pressures, and regulatory requirements related to consumer protection and taxation.