pemë

Pemë is the Albanian word for "tree." In biology, a tree is a long-lived, woody plant that typically has a single main stem (trunk) and a branching canopy that rises above ground level. Trees are distinguished from shrubs by their height and trunk structure, and they play a central role in most terrestrial ecosystems.

Pemë are categorized by use and habitat. Pemë frutore refers to fruit trees that produce edible fruits, while pemë dekorative or ornamental are cultivated for their form, flowers, or foliage. In forests and landscapes, various native and non-native species contribute to biodiversity and provide shade, windbreaks, and habitat for wildlife. Trees vary in size, leaf type, growth rate, and lifespan.

Ecological and economic importance: Trees sequester carbon, release oxygen, protect soils from erosion, regulate microclimates, and support diverse organisms. They supply timber, fruit, nuts, and other products, and they are central to rural livelihoods and urban green spaces.

Threats and conservation: Deforestation, land conversion, pests, and climate change threaten many pemë. Sustainable forestry, reforestation, and urban-planning measures aim to balance production with ecosystem services and cultural values.