pembinaan

Pembinaan is a Malay and Indonesian term that broadly refers to construction or development. It denotes the act of building physical structures, such as houses, roads, bridges, and public facilities; it can also refer to the development of systems, organizations, or programs, including capacity building and institutional development. The word is formed from the root bina, meaning to build, with affixation that indicates the action or process.

In practice, pembinaan encompasses planning, design, procurement, construction, supervision, safety, quality assurance, and commissioning, followed by operation and maintenance planning. It is governed by applicable building codes and standards, such as national or local regulations, and requires compliance with zoning, environmental, and safety requirements. In Indonesia and Malaysia, large-scale pembinaan projects are typically managed through public procurement processes or private sector contracts, with oversight by relevant government agencies or project owners.

In addition to physical construction, the term is used in development contexts to describe capacity development, program development, and organizational strengthening. Examples include pembinaan in housing estates, road networks, schools, and utilities, as well as pembinaan kapasitas staff or community programs. The scope and terminology vary by country; in Malay-speaking regions, pembinaan is a common umbrella term for construction and development activities.