participatesIn

ParticipatesIn is a binary relation used in knowledge representations to express that an entity takes part in a specific event, activity, program, or process. It conveys involvement or participation rather than ownership, membership, or endorsement. The relation is common in ontologies and knowledge graphs where tracing engagement and contributions is useful for queries and analytics.

Domain and range: The domain typically includes agents such as Person, Organization, Group, or Role, while the range includes Event, Activity, Program, Project, Conference, Competition, Task, or Process. Qualifiers may be attached through reification or a dedicated participation node, capturing role, date, duration, participationStatus, or quantitative contribution.

Modeling notes: In RDF or OWL, participatesIn is defined as an object property. To attach metadata, model a participation instance that links the participant to the participation target, with properties such as role, startDate, endDate, and extent. This avoids conflating the bare relation with time-bound or role-bound information.

Examples: "Alice participatesIn Hackathon2025"; "CompanyX participatesIn InternationalTechConference 2023 as presenter" or "StudentY participatesIn LabProjectAlpha" (with role and dates).

See also: attends, memberOf, contributesTo, collaboratesWith. Best practices include using unique identifiers, clarifying time frames, and preferring an explicit participation node when qualifiers are needed.