parodontológiai

Parodontológiai refers to the dental specialty focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the tissues supporting the teeth. These tissues include the gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum. The primary conditions addressed in periodontology are gingivitis and periodontitis.

Gingivitis is an early, reversible stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation of the gums. Symptoms typically include redness, swelling, and bleeding during brushing or flossing. It is usually caused by plaque accumulation due to inadequate oral hygiene.

Periodontitis is a more advanced and irreversible form of gum disease where the inflammation extends beyond the gums to damage the supporting bone and ligaments. This can lead to the formation of pockets between the teeth and gums, loosening of teeth, and eventually tooth loss. Risk factors for periodontitis include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions.

The diagnostic process in periodontology involves a thorough clinical examination, including probing the depth of gum pockets and assessing for bleeding, and often includes dental X-rays to evaluate bone loss. Treatment aims to halt the progression of the disease and restore health to the supporting structures. This can range from professional cleaning and scaling and root planing to remove plaque and calculus, to surgical procedures like flap surgery or bone grafting in more severe cases. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices at home, regular dental check-ups, and in some cases, ongoing supportive periodontal therapy are crucial for long-term success.