paratropy

Paratropy is a term found in a small number of scholarly writings and does not have a single, widely accepted definition. In general, its meaning is field-dependent, and readers should rely on explicit definitions within sources. Etymology: from Greek para- “beside, alongside” and -tropy from tropē “turning,” hinting at a directional tendency that occurs alongside a primary process.

In chemistry and physics, paratropy is sometimes encountered as shorthand for paratropicity—a concept describing magnetic responses in molecules, especially ring currents that oppose the familiar diatropic aromatic current. In this usage, paratropy refers to a tendency toward such parallel, opposing currents, and it is most often discussed within the study of antiaromatic or nonaromatic systems. The standard term is paratropicity; paratropy appears mainly in older texts or as an informal variant.

In other disciplines, authors may employ paratropy to indicate a secondary, parallel, or auxiliary tendency relative to a main tropic process. For example, in discussions of growth, development, or information flow, some writers use paratropy to mark side-by-side rather than directed effects. These usages are not standardized and should be defined if used.

Because of the term’s ambiguity, reliable use in scholarly writing typically requires a clear, field-specific definition at first appearance. See also paratropicity; aromaticity; tropism.