paisumine

Paisumine is a medical term for the swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid in body tissues. It can be localized, affecting a specific area such as a limb, or generalized, involving multiple parts of the body (edema).

The condition arises when the balance of forces governing interstitial fluid changes. This can occur due to increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (for example from venous insufficiency or heart failure), decreased plasma oncotic pressure (seen with hypoalbuminemia), increased capillary permeability (inflammation or injury), or lymphatic obstruction (lymphedema). Several systemic diseases and medications can contribute to paisumine, and it is common during pregnancy in the later stages.

Common signs include visible swelling, a sense of heaviness or tightness, and skin that may feel stretched. The swelling may be pitting (pressing on the area leaves a depression) or non-pitting, depending on the underlying mechanism. Other symptoms depend on the cause and may include shortness of breath, abdominal distention, or reduced urine output.

Diagnosis relies on history and physical examination, with attention to the distribution and onset of swelling. Clinicians often measure limb circumferences and perform a pitting test. Laboratory tests assess kidney and liver function, albumin levels, and electrolytes. Imaging such as ultrasound or Doppler studies helps distinguish venous problems or lymphatic obstruction. In some cases, echocardiography or chest imaging is used to evaluate heart and lung involvement.

Treatment targets the underlying cause and provides symptomatic relief. General measures include limb elevation and, when appropriate, compression therapy. Diuretics may be used for edema due to heart, liver, or kidney disease. Lymphedema requires specialized therapy, such as manual lymph drainage and compression garments. Lifestyle changes, including reduced salt intake and maintaining a healthy weight, can help prevent recurrence.