orofaríngea

Orofaringea refers to the oropharynx, which is the part of the pharynx located behind the oral cavity. It extends from the soft palate superiorly to the hyoid bone inferiorly. This anatomical region plays a crucial role in both respiration and digestion. During swallowing, the soft palate elevates to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity, while the tongue pushes the bolus of food into the oropharynx. The pharyngeal constrictor muscles then contract sequentially to propel the food downwards into the esophagus.

The oropharynx is a common site for infections and other medical conditions. Tonsillitis, an inflammation of the tonsils located in the oropharynx, is a frequent ailment, especially in children. Other conditions affecting this area include pharyngitis, which is a sore throat, and oral cancer, which can develop in the tissues of the oropharynx. Symptoms related to oropharyngeal issues can include difficulty swallowing, a sore throat, ear pain, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Diagnosis often involves a physical examination, throat culture, and sometimes imaging studies. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause, ranging from antibiotics for bacterial infections to surgery or radiation therapy for cancer. Maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding irritants like smoke can help prevent some oropharyngeal problems.