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Opportunism refers to a behavioral strategy where an organism takes advantage of readily available resources or circumstances without significant long-term planning or investment. This approach often involves exploiting the current situation for immediate gain, regardless of potential future consequences. In biology, opportunism can manifest in various ways, such as feeding on ephemeral food sources, reproducing rapidly when conditions are favorable, or utilizing temporary shelters. Organisms employing opportunistic strategies may exhibit high reproductive rates and adaptability, allowing them to thrive in unpredictable or changing environments.

In social and political contexts, opportunism is often viewed negatively, implying a lack of principles or a willingness to exploit situations for personal or group advantage without regard for ethical considerations. It can involve shifting allegiances, embracing popular opinions solely for personal benefit, or exploiting weaknesses in systems or individuals. This type of opportunism is characterized by pragmatism that prioritizes short-term gains over established values or long-term commitments. While it can lead to rapid success in certain circumstances, it may also undermine trust and long-term stability. The term carries a strong connotation of self-interest and a lack of consistent ideology.