operaatiovahvistinta

Operaatiovahvistin, often abbreviated as op-amp, is an electronic component that amplifies voltage. It is a high-gain, differential voltage amplifier with a singleended output. Op-amps are typically used in analog circuits for a wide range of applications, including signal amplification, filtering, and mathematical operations.

The core of an op-amp is a differential amplifier, which amplifies the difference between its two input terminals, the non-inverting input (+) and the inverting input (-). The output voltage is proportional to this difference, multiplied by the op-amp's open-loop gain. Ideally, an op-amp has infinite open-loop gain, infinite input impedance, and zero output impedance. In practice, these values are very high and very low, respectively, allowing op-amps to perform complex functions with external components like resistors and capacitors.

Op-amps are fundamental building blocks in analog electronics. They are used in audio amplifiers, sensors, communication systems, and control systems. Their versatility stems from their ability to be configured in various circuit arrangements, such as inverting amplifiers, non-inverting amplifiers, integrators, and differentiators, each performing a specific signal processing task. The concept of negative feedback is crucial in op-amp circuit design, as it significantly improves stability, linearity, and bandwidth, while reducing distortion and dependency on the op-amp's open-loop characteristics.