oncogenetargeted

Oncogene-targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that specifically targets the genetic alterations, known as oncogenes, that drive the growth and survival of cancer cells. These therapies are designed to inhibit or eliminate the abnormal proteins produced by these oncogenes, thereby slowing or stopping the progression of cancer. Oncogene-targeted therapies are particularly effective in treating cancers that have specific genetic mutations, such as those found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and certain types of lung and breast cancer.

One of the most well-known examples of oncogene-targeted therapy is imatinib, which targets the BCR-ABL fusion protein in CML. Imatinib inhibits the kinase activity of BCR-ABL, leading to the apoptosis of cancer cells and the normalization of hematopoiesis. Other examples include trastuzumab, which targets the HER2 oncogene in HER2-positive breast cancer, and gefitinib and erlotinib, which target the EGFR oncogene in EGFR-mutant lung cancer.

Oncogene-targeted therapies offer several advantages over traditional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. They are often more specific, leading to fewer side effects and a higher likelihood of long-term remission. However, they are not effective in all types of cancer, and their use is limited by the presence of specific genetic mutations. Additionally, resistance to these therapies can develop over time, requiring alternative treatment strategies.

The development of oncogene-targeted therapies has significantly improved the management of certain cancers, providing patients with more effective and personalized treatment options. Ongoing research continues to identify new oncogenes and develop targeted therapies for a broader range of cancers.