oksennusrefleksin

Oksennusrefleksi, also known as the gag reflex, is an involuntary reflex action that helps prevent foreign matter from entering the airway and stomach. It is triggered by stimulation of the gag reflex arc, which involves sensory nerves in the back of the throat and motor nerves that control the muscles of the pharynx and diaphragm. When the gag reflex is activated, the soft palate and uvula elevate, the pharynx constricts, and the diaphragm and abdominal muscles contract, leading to forceful expulsion of stomach contents.

The gag reflex is an important protective mechanism, but it can sometimes be overactive, leading to nausea and vomiting in response to stimuli that are not inherently harmful. This can be caused by various factors, including certain medications, psychological distress, or even the sight or smell of unpleasant things. In some individuals, the gag reflex can be so sensitive that it interferes with medical procedures such as dental examinations or the insertion of nasogastric tubes.

While the gag reflex is primarily a protective mechanism, it can also be intentionally stimulated in certain contexts, such as in some forms of self-harm or as a prank. However, it is important to note that intentionally inducing vomiting can be dangerous and should be avoided. Understanding the gag reflex is crucial for healthcare professionals to manage conditions involving nausea and vomiting and to perform necessary medical procedures safely.