ohmcentimétert

The ohmcentimeter, symbolized as Ω⋅cm, is a unit of electrical resistivity. Resistivity is an intrinsic property of a material that quantifies how strongly it resists the flow of electric current. A material with high resistivity is a poor conductor, while a material with low resistivity is a good conductor. The ohmcentimeter is derived from the ohm, the SI unit of electrical resistance, and the centimeter, a unit of length.

The relationship between resistance (R), resistivity (ρ), length (L), and cross-sectional area (A) is given by the formula R = ρ(L/A). Therefore, resistivity can be expressed as ρ = R(A/L). When resistance is measured in ohms (Ω), area in square centimeters (cm²), and length in centimeters (cm), the resulting unit for resistivity is ohmcentimeters (Ω⋅cm). While the SI unit for resistivity is the ohm-meter (Ω⋅m), the ohmcentimeter is commonly used in certain fields, particularly in material science and semiconductor research, due to its convenience for samples of typical dimensions.

For example, a material with a resistivity of 1 Ω⋅cm means that a cube of that material measuring 1 cm on each side would have an electrical resistance of 1 ohm between opposite faces. Understanding the resistivity of a material is crucial for designing electrical components and circuits, as it dictates how much current will flow for a given voltage and the power dissipated as heat. Different materials have vastly different resistivity values, ranging from highly conductive metals like silver and copper to highly resistive materials like glass and rubber.