näkövikoja

Näkövikoja, or refractive errors, are common conditions that affect the way the eye focuses light onto the retina. This misalignment causes blurred vision. The most prevalent types include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia.

Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing distant objects to appear blurry. Hyperopia happens when the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, making close-up objects difficult to see clearly. Astigmatism is caused by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, leading to distorted vision at all distances. Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the eye's natural lens loses its flexibility, making it harder to focus on near objects.

These conditions are usually diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. Treatment options typically involve corrective lenses such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, which compensate for the refractive error by altering the path of light entering the eye. In some cases, refractive surgery, like LASIK, may be an option to permanently correct the vision. Early detection and management of näkövikoja are important for maintaining good visual health and quality of life.