näidissõnu

Näidissõnu, often translated as "example words" or "sample words," are a linguistic concept primarily relevant in Estonian and certain other Finno-Ugric languages. They function as placeholders or illustrative terms within grammatical explanations or language learning materials. Instead of using abstract grammatical rules, näidissõnu provide concrete words that demonstrate how a particular grammatical feature, such as a case ending, verb conjugation, or word formation rule, is applied.

These words are not meant to be actual vocabulary items that learners are expected to use in everyday conversation. Instead, their purpose is pedagogical. For instance, when explaining the genitive case in Estonian, a näidissõna like "maja" (house) might be used, showing its genitive form "maja" or "majas" depending on context. The focus is on the grammatical transformation, not the semantic meaning of the word itself.

Näidissõnu are chosen for their simplicity and regularity, often being common nouns or verbs that clearly exhibit the grammatical pattern being taught. They help to make grammatical concepts more tangible and easier to grasp for learners by providing a clear, observable example of a rule in action. Their use is a common pedagogical strategy in textbooks and grammar guides to facilitate understanding and memorization of linguistic structures.