nyvedhæftning

Nyvedhæftning, also known as "nyved" or "nyvedskat," is a historical form of taxation in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, which was introduced in the 17th century. The term "nyved" translates to "new tax" in English. This tax was levied on various goods and services, including the sale of livestock, the use of public roads, and the consumption of certain goods like salt and beer. The purpose of nyvedhæftning was to generate revenue for the state, particularly for the upkeep of the military and the maintenance of public infrastructure.

The tax was typically collected by local authorities, such as municipalities or counties, and the rates varied depending on the type of goods or services. For example, the tax on the sale of livestock was based on the animal's value, while the tax on the use of public roads was based on the distance traveled. The tax was often paid in kind, such as a percentage of the sale price or a fixed amount per unit of the good or service.

Nyvedhæftning was a significant source of revenue for the Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish states during the 17th and 18th centuries. However, it also led to various economic and social issues, such as the overburdening of small farmers and the disruption of trade. As a result, the tax was gradually phased out in the 19th century, with the last remaining nyved taxes being abolished in the early 20th century. Today, nyvedhæftning is largely a historical concept, but it remains an important part of the cultural heritage of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.