nyomatékváltáshoz

Nyomatékváltáshoz, often translated as torque converter, is a type of fluid coupling that transmits rotating mechanical power from a prime mover, such as an internal combustion engine, to a rotating driven load. It is commonly found in automatic transmissions of vehicles. The primary function of a torque converter is to allow the engine to continue running while the vehicle is stopped. It achieves this by using a fluid, typically transmission fluid, to transfer torque.

A torque converter consists of three main components housed within a sealed casing: a pump (impeller), a turbine, and a stator. The pump is connected to the engine's crankshaft and rotates with it. The turbine is connected to the transmission's input shaft and is driven by the fluid. The stator is located between the pump and the turbine and redirects the fluid flow to increase torque.

When the engine is running and the vehicle is stationary, the pump spins, throwing fluid outwards and into the turbine. However, the turbine is not yet rotating. As engine speed increases, more fluid is pumped, and the pressure on the turbine increases, eventually causing it to rotate. At higher speeds, the torque converter acts more like a simple fluid coupling, with the pump and turbine rotating at nearly the same speed. The stator's role is crucial in multiplying torque during the initial acceleration phase, allowing for smoother and more powerful starts. It redirects the fluid returning from the turbine back to the pump in a way that aids the pump's rotation, effectively increasing the output torque.