nitrogennatomien

Nitrogen is a chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. It is a nonmetal and is a constituent of the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 78% of it by volume. Nitrogen is essential for life, as it is a key component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. It is also used in various industrial applications, such as in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and synthetic materials.

Nitrogen has several allotropes, including molecular nitrogen (N2), which is the most stable form at room temperature. It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is relatively inert under normal conditions. However, it can react with other elements and compounds under certain conditions, such as at high temperatures or in the presence of catalysts.

Nitrogen has a melting point of -210.0 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of -195.8 degrees Celsius. It has a density of 1.2506 grams per liter at standard temperature and pressure. Nitrogen is also a paramagnetic element, meaning it is attracted to magnetic fields.

Nitrogen was first isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772. It was later named by French chemist Jean-Antoine Chaptal in 1790. The name nitrogen comes from the Greek words "nitros" and "genes," which mean "nitre-forming" and "producing," respectively. Nitrogen is a vital element for both living organisms and industrial processes, making it an important component of the Earth's ecosystem and economy.