nitrocresols

Nitrocresols are a group of organic compounds derived from cresol by the introduction of one or more nitro groups. They are also known as nitromethylphenols. The position of the nitro group relative to the methyl and hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring determines the specific isomer. Common nitrocresols include ortho-nitrocresol, meta-nitrocresol, and para-nitrocresol, as well as dinitrocresols.

These compounds are typically yellow solids. Their properties, including solubility and reactivity, vary depending on the number and position of the nitro substituents. Nitrocresols can be synthesized through the nitration of cresol using nitrating agents such as nitric acid, often in the presence of sulfuric acid.

Historically, some nitrocresols, particularly dinitrocresol (DNOC), have been used as pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides due to their toxicity. However, their use in these applications has significantly declined in many regions due to environmental and health concerns, as they can be highly toxic to humans and other organisms. They have also been investigated for other chemical applications, but large-scale industrial uses are limited.