ninespine

The ninespine stickleback, scientifically known as Pungitius pungitius, is a small, freshwater fish belonging to the stickleback family. It is found across the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting a variety of aquatic environments including lakes, ponds, rivers, and coastal marshes. As its name suggests, the ninespine stickleback is characterized by the presence of typically nine, but sometimes fewer or more, sharp spines on its dorsal fin. These spines can be erected for defense against predators.

This species is generally small, rarely exceeding 10 centimeters in length. Its coloration can vary depending on its habitat and surroundings, often displaying shades of brown, green, or silver, providing camouflage. The ninespine stickleback is an opportunistic omnivore, feeding on small invertebrates such as crustaceans, insect larvae, and zooplankton, as well as algae.

Reproduction in ninespine sticklebacks involves a fascinating courtship ritual. The male constructs a nest, usually in aquatic vegetation, and attracts females to lay their eggs inside. He then guards the nest and the developing fry until they are able to fend for themselves. This species plays a role in its ecosystem as both a predator of smaller organisms and a food source for larger fish and birds.