ninakõrvalkihte

ninakõrvalkihte refers to the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the bones of the skull surrounding the nasal cavity. These sinuses are lined with mucous membranes and are connected to the nasal passages through small openings. The primary paranasal sinuses are the frontal sinuses, located in the forehead; the ethmoid sinuses, situated between the eyes; the maxillary sinuses, found in the cheekbones; and the sphenoid sinuses, located deep within the skull behind the ethmoid sinuses.

The exact function of the paranasal sinuses is not fully understood, but several theories exist. They are believed to lighten the weight of the head, act as resonance chambers for the voice, and potentially help warm and humidify inhaled air. The mucous membranes lining the sinuses produce mucus, which helps trap dust and other particles, preventing them from entering the lungs. This mucus also contains antibodies and other immune cells that help fight off infections.

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses is known as sinusitis. This condition can be caused by infections, allergies, or structural abnormalities. Symptoms of sinusitis can include nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, headache, and a reduced sense of smell. Treatment for sinusitis depends on the underlying cause and may involve nasal sprays, antibiotics, or decongestants. Chronic sinusitis can sometimes require surgical intervention to improve sinus drainage.