nikotine

Nicotine is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in the nightshade family of plants, most notably tobacco. It is an alkaloid and is a stimulant of the central nervous system. Nicotine is highly addictive and is the primary psychoactive component in tobacco products such as cigarettes, cigars, and chewing tobacco. It is also present in e-cigarettes and vaping products.

When inhaled or ingested, nicotine is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and travels to the brain. It acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to the release of various neurotransmitters, including dopamine, which is associated with pleasure and reward. This physiological effect contributes to its addictive properties.

The effects of nicotine can include increased heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness. However, it also has negative health consequences. Chronic exposure to nicotine, particularly through smoking, is linked to a wide range of serious diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory illnesses. While nicotine itself is not considered the primary carcinogen in tobacco smoke, its addictive nature drives continued use of these harmful products. Research is ongoing into the potential therapeutic uses of nicotine, but its significant risks, especially when consumed via tobacco, are well-established.