nikotiiniamidinadeniinidinukleotidi

Nikotiiniamidinadeniinidinukleotidi, often abbreviated as NAD+, is a crucial coenzyme found in all living cells. It plays a vital role in various biochemical reactions, including energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cell signaling. NAD+ is a cofactor for several enzymes, most notably those involved in the conversion of food into energy, a process known as glycolysis. It also acts as a substrate for sirtuins, a family of proteins that regulate longevity and metabolism.

NAD+ is composed of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and a nicotinamide moiety. The nicotinamide part of the molecule can be modified to form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which are also important coenzymes in cellular processes. NAD+ is synthesized in the body from tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and is also obtained from the diet through the consumption of foods rich in nicotinamide.

The levels of NAD+ in the body can decline with age, a process known as NAD+ depletion. This decline is associated with various age-related diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Supplementation with NAD+ precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), has been shown to increase NAD+ levels and improve cellular function in animal models and human studies.

In summary, nikotiiniamidinadeniinidinukleotidi (NAD+) is a vital coenzyme involved in numerous cellular processes. Its levels decline with age, contributing to various age-related diseases. Supplementation with NAD+ precursors may offer a potential therapeutic approach to counteract these age-related declines.