nhexano

N-hexane, commonly referred to as n-hexane, is the straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14. It is one of the isomers of hexane and is widely used as a nonpolar solvent in industry.

In its pure form, n-hexane is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature. It has a boiling point of about 69°C and a melting point around −95°C. As a nonpolar hydrocarbon, it is insoluble in water but dissolves in many nonpolar solvents such as other aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic solvents.

Production and occurrences: n-Hexane is mainly obtained from petroleum through processing and distillation. It occurs in trace amounts in crude oil and natural gas. Industrially, it is valued for its effectiveness as a nonpolar solvent and is used in the extraction of edible oils from seeds, as well as in various cleaning, degreasing, and coating applications. It is also a component of some hydrocarbon solvent mixtures used in the chemical industry and in gasoline fractions.

Safety and handling: n-Hexane is highly flammable. Inhalation or prolonged exposure can cause central nervous system effects, including dizziness and drowsiness, and long-term exposure is associated with peripheral neuropathy. It is typically controlled under occupational exposure limits and should be used with adequate ventilation, proper storage in tightly closed containers, and standard personal protective equipment to minimize inhalation and skin contact.

See also: alkane, hydrocarbons, solvent.