neurogeneesin

Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are generated. While this process occurs extensively during embryonic development, it was long believed that no new neurons were formed in the adult brain. However, research over the past few decades has demonstrated that neurogenesis persists in specific regions of the adult mammalian brain, notably in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus.

The new neurons generated in the hippocampus are thought to play a role in learning and memory, particularly in the formation of new memories and the integration of new information. The precise functions of neurons generated in the subventricular zone are less clear, but they are believed to migrate to the olfactory bulb and contribute to the sense of smell.

Several factors can influence adult neurogenesis, including physical exercise, enriched environments, and certain learning experiences, which tend to promote it. Conversely, stress, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases can impair this process. Understanding and potentially modulating neurogenesis holds promise for therapeutic strategies aimed at treating conditions such as depression, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke. Research in this area is ongoing, exploring the molecular mechanisms and potential applications of manipulating neurogenesis.