neuroendokriinisessä

Neuroendokriinisessä refers to a group of tumors that arise from neuroendocrine cells. These specialized cells are found throughout the body, including the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and adrenal glands. Neuroendocrine cells have characteristics of both nerve cells and endocrine cells, meaning they can produce and release hormones. Tumors arising from these cells are often called neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

NETs can be benign or malignant and vary widely in their behavior and the hormones they produce. Some NETs are functional, meaning they secrete excess hormones, leading to specific clinical syndromes such as carcinoid syndrome, insulinoma, or gastrinoma. Others are non-functional and may not produce noticeable hormonal effects. Symptoms associated with NETs depend on the tumor's location, size, and whether it is producing excess hormones. These can include flushing, diarrhea, abdominal pain, wheezing, or peptic ulcers.

Diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors typically involves a combination of imaging techniques such as CT scans, MRI, and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, along with blood tests to measure hormone levels and biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment strategies are tailored to the individual patient and can include surgery, medication to control hormone production, chemotherapy, or targeted therapies. The prognosis for individuals with NETs varies significantly depending on the tumor's grade, stage, and location.