neolocal

Neolocal is a postmarital residence pattern in which a newly married couple establishes a separate household away from both of their parents’ households. The term combines neo- meaning “new” with local meaning “place,” reflecting the creation of a new family center. In neolocal systems, the couple’s residence is independent of the kinship households of either spouse.

This pattern contrasts with patrilocal and matrilocal arrangements, where the couple resides with the husband’s or wife’s family, as well as with more kin-centered forms such as avunculocal. Neolocality is typically associated with nuclear family organization, wage labor, and housing markets that enable independent households. It is most common in urban, industrialized, or economically liberal societies, though it can occur in rural settings when sufficient resources and opportunities support separate homes. The pattern often signals greater individual autonomy, opportunities for property accumulation, and a shift in household economics.

Practical implications include the economic requirements to acquire or rent housing, establish utilities, and create an independent support system for the new household. Kin networks may continue to influence the couple through visits, remittances, and social obligations, even as residence becomes neolocal. The prevalence and expression of neolocality can evolve with economic development, migration, and changes in legal frameworks governing marriage and property.

See also: postmarital residence patterns, patrilocal, matrilocal, ambilocal, avunculocal.

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