naturprodukt

Naturprodukt is a term used in German to denote substances that occur in nature or are produced by natural processes, as opposed to substances produced entirely by synthetic means. In scientific contexts it often refers to chemical compounds isolated from living organisms, commonly called natural products or Naturstoffe. These substances can include primary metabolites as well as secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids and polyketides.

In chemistry, pharmacology and related fields, natural products are typically complex molecules produced by plants, microorganisms, fungi or marine organisms as part of their metabolism. Many biologically active compounds have been discovered in nature and later studied for medical, agricultural or industrial use. Classic examples include morphine from the opium poppy, penicillin from a mold, and taxol from the Pacific yew. The study and exploitation of these compounds form the disciplines of natural product chemistry and pharmacognosy.

The term “Naturprodukt” is not governed by a single universal legal definition and its use in marketing can vary by jurisdiction. Claims of naturalness often imply fewer synthetic steps or additives and a focus on sustainable sourcing, but criteria differ internationally. Producing natural products can be challenging due to structural complexity, limited supply and the need for environmentally sensitive methods; approaches include direct extraction, semi-synthesis and biotechnological production.

Related topics include pharmacognosy, natural product chemistry and natural cosmetics.