namalowany

Namalowany is a Polish adjective and past participle formed from the perfective verb namalować, meaning to paint. It denotes that something has been painted and is commonly used to describe a painting or other object finished with paint. As an adjective, namalowany can appear before a noun or after a linking verb in predicate position, for example: namalowany obraz; obraz został namalowany.

Morphology and agreement: Namalowany inflects for gender and number to agree with the noun it modifies. The common forms are masculine singular namalowany, feminine singular namalowana, neuter singular namalowane; masculine personal plural namalowani; and non-masculine plural namalowane. The participle thus mirrors standard Polish adjective agreement and is used both attributively and predicatively.

Usage and nuance: Namalowany emphasizes the act and result of painting, implying the use of paint rather than drawing or sketching. It is typically found in descriptions of artworks, catalogs, art history writing, and everyday language when specifying that paint was used. It can distinguish painted works from those produced by other techniques, such as rysowany (drawn) or szkicowany (sketched).

Etymology: The form derives from the verb namalować (to paint) with the usual adjectival suffix -ony, related to the verb malować (to paint) and to professional terms like malarz (painter) and malarstwo (painting).

See also: malować, namalować, malarz, malarstwo, obraz, sztuka.